2017年托福听力科学美国人60秒：城市发展时代进程

　　科学美国人60秒中英文翻译：城市发展时代进程
　　More than half of the world's 7 billion people live in cities, 54 percent to be specific, or 3.9 billion people.
　　That's according to new figures released by the United Nations on July 10th.
　　Cities in China, India and Nigeria, the world’s first, second and seventh most populous countries, are expected to grow the most by 2050.
　　India alone will add more than 400 million people to its cities, or the equivalent of 20 Mumbais, just in the next three decades.
　　By 2030, New Delhi is likely to have 36 million residents.
　　城市的发展.jpg
　　How these cities in Asia and elsewhere grow and get built will determine how humanity fares in the 21st century.
　　Housing, energy and transportation are all major challenges, whether in sprawling megacities or relatively small towns of a million or so inhabitants.
　　The health and environmental consequences of wasteful infrastructures could be devastating.
　　Cities are now responsible for more than 70 percent of the greenhouse gases causing global warming, which has impacts on everything from growing food to water supplies.
　　And most at risk from sea level rise are all those folks in coastal cities.
　　The future is urban—for better or worse.
　　科学美国人60秒英文文本
　　科学美国人60秒中文翻译：
　　世界70亿人口中超过一半人生活在城市中，具体而言是占总人口的54%，或者说是39亿人。
　　这是7月10号联合国公布的最新最新数据。
　　中国，印度和尼日利亚的城市人口，在世界上人口最多国家中分别排名第一，第二和第七。而且预计将在2050年实现增长趋势。
　　而在未来30年，单单是印度这个城市就将增加4亿多人口，相当于20个孟买市的人口数量。
　　到2030年，新德里可能将会有3600万居民。
　　这些亚洲城市如何建造和发展将会决定21世纪的人类发展进程。
　　无论是对于庞大的大城市还是对于拥有100万居民的相对较小的城市而言，住房，能源和交通都将面临主要挑战。
　　而基础设施浪费所造成的健康和环境后果将会是毁灭性的。
　　引起全球变暖的70%多温室气体是由城市排放的，而且这些温室气体将会对从农作物生长到水源供应等所有环节产生影响。
　　而且最可能引起海平面上升，使那些生活在沿海城市的人们处于危险当中。
　　不管怎样，未来都掌握在城市手中。托福考试(TOEFL)