什么是现在完成时?具体用法和注意事项?额.这位题有点难回答诶.请大虾回答!（内牛满面···我好不容易挣的分啊!不过为了知识就牺牲吧!···55）

什么是现在完成时?具体用法和注意事项?额.这位题有点难回答诶.请大虾回答!（内牛满面···我好不容易挣的分啊!不过为了知识就牺牲吧!···55）
什么是现在完成时?具体用法和注意事项?
额.这位题有点难回答诶.请大虾回答!（内牛满面···我好不容易挣的分啊!不过为了知识就牺牲吧!···55）

什么是现在完成时?具体用法和注意事项?额.这位题有点难回答诶.请大虾回答!（内牛满面···我好不容易挣的分啊!不过为了知识就牺牲吧!···55）
现在完成时用来表示之前已发生或完成的动作或状态,其结果的确和现在有联系.动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态.基本结构：主语+have/has+过去分词(done).1.现在完成时用来表示现在之前已发生活或完成的动作或状态,但其结果却和现在有联系,也就是说,动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在.I have lost my wallet.(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Jane has laid the table.(含义是:已可以吃饭了.) Michael has been ill.(含义是:现在仍然很虚弱) He has returned from abroad.(含义是:现在已在此地) 2.现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的情况,常与for,since连用.Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.3.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用,如already,yet,just,before,recently,lately等:He has already obtained a scholarship.I haven't seen much of him recently (lately).We have seen that film before.Have they found the missing child yet 4.现在完成时常常与表示频度的时间状语连用,如often,sometimes,ever,never,twice,on several occasion等:Have you ever been to Beijing I have never heard Bunny say anything against her.I have used this pen only three times.It is still good.George has met that gentleman on several occasions.5.现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如now,up to these few days/weeks/months/years,this morning/week/month/year,now,just,today,up to present,so far等:Peter has written six papers so far.Man has now learned to release energy from the nucleus of the atom.There has bee too much rain in San Francisco this year.The friendly relations and cooperation between our two countries have been enhanced in the past few years.Up to the present everything has been successful.6.现在完成时表示现在之前业已完成的动作,虽然其效果或影响仍然存在但已不再继续,但是有一些现在完成时的句子,在后面加上for+一段时间,则现在完成时的动作就表示延续性.Thomas has studied Russian.(现在不再学俄语) Thomas has studied Russian for three years.(=Thomas began to study Russian three years ago,and is still studying it now.(同第2点用法第一个例句) 7.现在完成时还可以用来表示过去的一个时间到现在这段时间内重复发生的动作.We have had four texts this semester.几点注意事项 (1)have been(to)与have gone( to)的区别：have been(to)表示“去过某地(现在已经回来了)”,可用于各人称；have gone(to)表示“去某地了(说话时某人不在当地)”,常用于第三人称,前者可与once ,never,several times等连用,后者则不能.如：They have been to Beijing twice.他们去过北京两次.He has gone to Beijing .他去北京了.(2)如单纯表示一段时间,或强调一段时间,虽有since一词,也不必用完成时.如：It is two years since his father died.=His father has been dead for two years.他父亲去世已有三年了.(3)终止性动词现在完成时的否定式,已变成一种可以延续的状态,因此可以和表示一段时间的状语连用.如：I haven't left here since 1997.自从1997年以来,我一直没有离开过这儿.