There is a pen and three apples on the desk.为什么用is不用are?

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There is a pen and three apples on the desk.为什么用is不用are?
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There is a pen and three apples on the desk.为什么用is不用are?
There is a pen and three apples on the desk.为什么用is不用are?

There is a pen and three apples on the desk.为什么用is不用are?
there be 结构有一个就近原则,动词的形式只看靠近动词的名词就可以了.is 靠近a pen,单数 ,所以用单数

There be句型遵循就近原则,pen是单数,所以用is

There be句型遵循就近原则,pen是单数,所以用is